Deborah & William Hillyard
Deborah & William Hillyard
Deborah & William Hillyard
Deborah & William Hillyard
Deborah & William Hillyard
| 1st Generation | 2nd Generation | 3rd Generation | Force Particles | |
| "Up" Type Quarks |
Up Quark Mass: 1.5-4.0 MeV Charge: 2/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: u, u |
Charm Quark Mass: 1.16-1.5 GeV Charge: 2/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: c, c |
Top Quark Mass: 171-176 GeV Charge: 2/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: t, t |
Photon Mass: 0 Charge: 0 Spin: 1 ID: y |
| "Down" Type Quarks |
Down Quark Mass: 3.5-8.0 MeV Charge: -1/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: d, d |
Strange Quark Mass: 80-130 MeV Charge: -1/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: s, s |
Bottom Quark Mass: 4.2 or 4.68 GeV Charge: -1/3 Spin: 1/2 ID: b, b |
Gluon Mass: 0 Charge: 0 Spin: 1 ID: g |
| Neutrinos | Electron Neutrino Mass: <2.2 eV Charge: 0 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
Muon Neutrino Mass: <0.170 MeV Charge: 0 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
Tau Neutrino Mass: <15.5 MeV Charge: 0 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
"Z" Boson Mass: 91.2 GeV Charge: 0 Spin: 1 ID: Z |
| "Electron" Type Leptons |
Electron Mass: 0.511 MeV Charge: -1 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
Muon Mass: 105.7 MeV Charge: -1 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
Tau Mass: 1.777 GeV Charge: -1 Spin: 1/2 ID: |
"W" Boson Mass: 80.4 GeV Charge: ±1 Spin: 1 ID: W-, W+ |
Home Page - News & Info - Family - Vacations - Bios - House - Music & Studio - Science - Solar Systems - Pseudo Science - Site Map
The table to the right summarizes the properties of the various Standard Model particles and forces, except the Higgs particle. Masses are given in electron volts (eV). MeV = 1 million electron volts, and GeV is a billion electron volts. The proton, for comparison, weighs ~938.3 MeV. Up, Down and Strange quarks are considered "light" quarks; the other three are "heavy" quarks.
There is no firm foundation for neutrino masses. The best that can be said is that they have masses that are no more than the quoted figures. Recent evidence points to the sum of the masses of all three types must be <0.5 eV, which means these maxima are way too high.
NOTE:
April 2nd 2010. New calculations by Professor Christine Davies et al at Glasgow University estimate up and down quark masses to new levels of accuracy. The up quark weighs 2.01 +/- 0.14 Mev, and the down quark weighs 4.79 +/- 0.16 MeV. That corresponds to 0.214% and 0.510% of proton mass, respectively. The data has yet to be corroborated.
There is no firm foundation for neutrino masses. The best that can be said is that they have masses that are no more than the quoted figures. Recent evidence points to the sum of the masses of all three types must be <0.5 eV, which means these maxima are way too high.
NOTE:
April 2nd 2010. New calculations by Professor Christine Davies et al at Glasgow University estimate up and down quark masses to new levels of accuracy. The up quark weighs 2.01 +/- 0.14 Mev, and the down quark weighs 4.79 +/- 0.16 MeV. That corresponds to 0.214% and 0.510% of proton mass, respectively. The data has yet to be corroborated.
Home Page - News & Info - Family - Vacations - Bios - House - Music & Studio - Science - Solar Systems - Pseudo Science - Site Map
Characteristics
